PIROLYSIS DEVICES

THE DEVICE FOR PROCESSING OF WOOD WASTE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION WASTE, PLASTICS, LOW CALORIE MINERALS (COALS, PEAT), HEAVY PETROLEUM AND WASTE OF PETROLEUM PROCESSING (BITUMS, ASFALTENS)

The waste cleaned from mechanical inclusions (stones, metallic objects etc.) after preliminary pounding are directed to drying camera (temperature about 250 – 300oC ). Under this temperature exclusion of moisture and other volatile low molecular weight compounds occurs. Dried waste are directed to reactor of thermoimpact (high speed pyrolysis) where they are momentary heated up to temperature 650 – 700 oC ( rate of growth of waste temperature is about 104 degrees per second). Under this temperature fast decomposition of the waste occurs with the formation of gaseous and solid (coal-like) phases. The quantity of pyrolysed substance depends on the rate of input of energy (heat) and quantity of waste. The stages of heating , as the whole process, being without input of air.

Coal-like product is collected, cooled and directed to further use. It is necessary to remind that coal-like product content all compounds of metals presented in initial waste.

Gaseous products of pyrolysis coming through condensators are partly condensed with the formation of organic and water phases. Uncondensed gas is burned down in the device. The stage of the condensation of gaseous products of pyrolysis can be absent and in this case all gas is directed to burning down.

Advantages of the process:
- relatively small amount of energy for the unit of processed products due to entropy character of the process;
- maximal processing of waste;
- small dimensions of the device due to very high rate of pyrolysis;

Energetic profitability of the device essentially rises by using of the heats of cooling of the products of reaction and condensation of gases.

In the absence of solid substances in pyrolysis products ( only low molecular weight organic compounds and linear polymers are present) there is no necessity in the module for output of coal-like residue.